Evaluating the Effectiveness of Media Environmental Campaigns on Solid Waste Disposal Practices in Anambra State, Nigeria

Abstract

Solid waste management remains one of the most pressing environmental challenges facing Nigeria, with indiscriminate disposal practices significantly undermining environmental sustainability and public health. This study evaluated the effectiveness of media environmental campaigns on solid waste disposal practices in Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and utilized a quantitative approach. A sample size of 566 respondents was purposively selected from the three major urban centres of Awka, Nnewi, and Onitsha. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using frequency distribution tables, percentages, and descriptive statistical techniques. Findings revealed that media environmental campaigns have been largely ineffective in promoting sustainable waste disposal practices. A significant majority of respondents indicated low exposure to consistent media campaigns, while waste management authorities were perceived as failing in their responsibilities for timely collection and proper disposal of solid waste. The study further found a weak relationship between media campaigns and residents’ waste disposal behaviour. The study concludes that media environmental campaigns in Anambra State have not sufficiently influenced positive solid waste disposal practices. To address this gap, it recommends intensified, sustained media campaigns, re-introduction of the door-to-door waste collection system, and strengthened collaboration between media organisations and waste management authorities. The study also emphasizes the need for policy reforms aimed at improving environmental communication, public participation, and institutional effectiveness in waste management administration. These measures are critical for achieving behavioural change and environmental sustainability in the state.